The Europa Clipper orbiter mission will travel over 2.9 billion km to reach Jupiter’s moon by April 2030. It will probe Europa’s water dynamics & chemical processes to study habitability.
ESA’s Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer on 8-yr mission to planet's 3 largest moons, Ganymede, Callisto & Europa, which have large underground oceans, making them potentially habitable.
While shallow water processes have been suspected on Europa, if findings of study are confirmed, it could mean they play bigger-than-expected role in shaping its surface features.
The Nirouyeh Vijeh Pasdaran Velayat, or NOPO, was the only force Ali Khamenei trusted.It was founded in 1991 and is more feared than the Revolutionary Guards.
Rating democracies is a tricky business. I am only using the simple metric of who in the Indian subcontinent has had the most peaceful, stable, normal political transitions and continuity.
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