New Delhi: The World Health Organisation (WHO) has urged countries to shift from long-stay institutional mental health services to community-based care in order to ensure better accessibility, equity, and stigma-free treatment for those affected.
In a statement released on 12 March, the WHO said the transition from long-stay tertiary psychiatric institutions to community-based care would benefit both individuals and society as a whole.
“When these services are integrated into the fabric of our communities, it becomes easier for individuals to seek help without the fear of judgment or discrimination,” said Saima Wazed, Regional Director for WHO South-East Asia.
“This shift also allows for greater personal autonomy, improved quality of life, and personalised care options. The community-based settings provide individuals opportunities to regain a sense of independence and engage in social and vocational activities, which can significantly improve their overall well-being.”
The WHO said an estimated 13.7 percent of the population in South-East Asia suffers from mental health conditions, with the treatment gap for such conditions remaining high at around 95 percent.
More than 2,00,000 people die of suicide every year, it added.
The region has also witnessed a high number of people suffering from severe mental disorders, who die 10 to 20 years earlier than others, according to the WHO. However, investment in mental health care remains very low across the region.
The WHO also released a report on the Deinstitutionalisation of People with Mental Health Conditions in WHO South-East Asia Region, which offers recommendations that can be adapted to local realities. The report emphasises the need for a comprehensive training programme for mental health professionals, law enforcement, educators, and community members, as well as the importance of creating safe and supportive living environments within the broader society to facilitate a smooth transition from institutional care.
The WHO said the transition from long-stay institutional care to community-based care is a crucial step in the right direction, but stressed that adequate planning, collaboration, and additional financial resources are needed to ensure a smooth transition. It also highlighted the need for parallel expansion of community care services and networks.
“Historically mental health care has been synonymous with institutionalisation. Large asylums were built with the intention of providing a place of refuge for those grappling with mental illnesses. However, as our understanding of mental health has evolved, so too must our methods of care,” said Wazed.