A crisis shows up the strengths and weaknesses of a system. The social stability underlying India’s everyday chaos was on display during the wreck that was demonetisation in 2016; people died while waiting in queues at bank branches, but there was no rioting. Somewhat contrarily, the trigger-happy rioting that occurred in Northeast Delhi recently exposed the social fault lines that cause occasional eruptions. And, the initial failure of the police to bring the situation under control showed how much the machinery created to enforce law and order has been compromised and communalised.
Covid-19 has exposed new strengths and weaknesses. The prime minister has led from the front in imposing a lockdown and warning people in blunt terms of the possible consequences of failure to observe it. But it is state governments that have led the way in helping people affected by the crisis and its economic devastation. This is a reassuring sign, that India has strengths at different levels. And for all the evidence of the media having been cowed or become cheer-leaders, there cannot be much doubt that it is the widespread reporting of migrant workers walking to ancestral village homes hundreds of kilometres away (all passenger services having been banned) that has led to the opening of government-run kitchens and the provision of transport. Hopefully, people can go home or stay where they are, near places where they can find work, until a semblance of normalcy returns.
The ‘JAM’ trilogy has certainly come in handy. Just when it had begun to look like Aadhaar was more a menace for government control than a handy tool for transferring benefits, it has proved its worth because many of the measures that the finance minister announced in terms of handing out cash would have been far more difficult without JAM: Jan Dhan accounts, Aadhaar, and mobile phones. The system is not perfect (and exclusions provoke crises for those affected, as experience has shown), but even with its imperfections it is a huge systemic asset.
Also read: Modi’s CV is full of crisis management experience, but war on Covid may be his toughest job
Some of the weaknesses have also been laid bare, like the severe capacity limits of the medicare system. This has been highlighted for decades, with commentators pointing out that (unlike in most economies with claims to having achieved some development) the bulk of the medical expenditure in India is borne privately; the state has had too little a role. Most governments have simply not found this important enough to address, in terms of building a functional government health infrastructure large enough to meet the needs of 1.3 billion people. Should the number of Covid-19 cases in India continue to grow at the present rate of acceleration (multiplying 10-fold, from 70 to 700, in the last two weeks), the system will quite clearly be overwhelmed. Moreover, the roping in of private capacities has been delayed — for testing and diagnosis, manufacturing the necessary protective equipment, supplying ventilators, and the like. Hopefully, health budgets in future will show some awareness of what needs to be done.
The country’s stretched fiscal situation too has operated as a constraint. Deficits have been too high for too long, so that the national debt (while lower in relation to GDP than for many large economies) is still too high, and therefore a mental constraint when the government needs to open the spending tap. That might explain why the finance minister’s aid package of Rs 1.7 lakh crore is not only one of the smallest in the world, but only Rs 60,000 crore of that will be new money, as one analyst has argued.
It will be many weeks and months before this black swan event gets over, and there could be lasting changes that are wrought. As with the rest of the world, India’s growth rates are now forecast to drop sharply, and there will be a price to pay in terms of employment and more limited government resources for essential needs. India did not create the problem. But if it had a better functioning government system, it would have been able to deal with it at lower cost to its citizens.
By Special Arrangement with Business Standard
Also read: Corona is a wake up call for Indian courts. They aren’t equipped to function in a crisis
Sir please help me or mera parivar delhi me fase hue h hmara gao chattarpur madhya Pradesh h hme hmare gao bhejo
Our Government is buisy in implementing BJP at MP and NPR,they should have lockouts since Feb
The single biggest fault line in my view is the lack of foresight at States level over the seven decades in ramping up employment with in the respective states itself.They all took the easy way out through doles, entitlements. In the absence of newer entities providing opportunities, migration became a rule rather than an exception. Maharashtra,Tamil Nadu, Gujarat , Karnataka to an extent did create opportunities with in the state. This is borne out by the lower outward migration from these states. Population control may be an anathema politically , but would have served to manage the situation. Migration is a fact, but the Government also was required to do the basic minimum in terms of better housing, medical etc by putting in minimum standards for such facility.
The lack of political will to pursue development goals for the long haul, including medical infrastructure has resulted in overcrowded urban ghettos, poor medical facilities.
It calls for maturity and not hunger for votes or populism across the political spectrum.
Who is responsible for not creating the better better system that would’ve helped us cope better.
SIX YEARS of MODI GOVERNMENT or WAS IT THE 67 YEARS OF THE EARLIER GOVERNMENTS which allowed and even encouraged the LOOT of public money ending up in lining the POCKETS of politicians, babus and the power brokers from INDIA INC. The five years of BJP government was no exception.
The first effort at putting stop to this loot was seen for the first time in the history was in 1914.
Aap Angrezon ko kaise bhool gaye. Robert Clive ka naam nahin suna …
Hey Pakistani terrorist, comment in English, not Pakistani language.
What is the point in saying ‘if we had more money?’